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Ba-sa-dung Li, Hainan

(a small group of photos from an article in the September 1938 edition of The National Georgraphic Magazine "Among the Big Knot Lois of Hainan" by Leonard Clark.)

Leonard Clark explored the interior of Hainan Island in July and August 1937 or 'the looming mountains of the wild Lois (Li) country' as Clark referred to it.  He estimated that there were 250,000 "wild Lois" aborigines inhabiting the mountains and jungles of the interior of Hainan.  The article quotes "When the author asked for information about Hainan, even "old China hands" could give him little, so in the summer of 1937 he and a friend set out for a five-weeks long trek on foot deep into its jungle heart from Hoihow.  His party visited aboriginal tribes whose woman wear big brass earings and who warriors still fight and hunt with flintlock guns and poison arrows. The broken line indicates the route" - see map below and click for full map from the magazine.

to Jpeg 51K Map showing location of Hainan from the article in the September 1938 edition of The National Georgraphic Magazine "Among the Big Knot Lois of Hainan" by Leonard Clark.  The broken line indicates the route of Clark's July/August 1937 expedition

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to Jpeg 52K A Ba-sa-dung woman showing her tattoos on face and the back of her neck from the article in the September 1938 National Geographic by Leonard Clark telling of his 5-week trek into the interior of Hainan in the summer of 1937.
to Jpeg 52K A close up of a Ba-sa-dung woman weaving one of the narrow bands which will be sewn together to make her short tubeskirt.  It is amazing that the very complex designs which are created by these Li women are achieved on such simple looms. The photo comes from the article in the September 1938 National Geographic by Leonard Clark telling of his 5-week trek into the interior of Hainan in the summer of 1937.
to Jpeg 58K A three Ba-sa-dung women showing their tattoos and short woven skirts from the article in the September 1938 National Geographic by Leonard Clark telling of his 5-week trek into the interior of Hainan in the summer of 1937. Clark says that 'not until they are married are their hands tattooed'.  The girl in the centre does not appear to have her hands tattooed.  She is also wearing a more ornately embroidered blouse than the other two women from the glimpse showing in the photograph.
The photos above are all of Ba-sa-dung Lois (Li).  The Article includes 29 photos in all including ones of other Lois including some identified by Clark as Ha (whose women wear very large coils of brass rings in their ears - and held up on thier heads to ease the weight except for ceremonies -and the women's clothes seem to be mainly plain indigo) and Mei-fu-Li).
I am very grateful to Mark A Johnson of Asian and Tribal Arts for alerting me via the tribaltextiles.info forum to this National Geographic article.

I searched the web to find out some more about Leonard Clark and found the quote below on the publishers www.travelerstales.com website as an introduction to a book by Clark - 'Rivers Ran East' - on an exploration of the Amazon.

"Leonard Clark was perhaps one of the greatest of all twentieth-century explorers. He did not believe in big expeditions and elaborate paraphernalia - he was a man who carried his own belongings and charged ahead. This same trait enabled him to perform extraordinary feats of military intelligence and reconnaissance in difficult and dangerous areas during World War II. Clark attended the University of California, then joined the army, attaining the rank of colonel. During the war, he spent many months in China behind Japanese lines organizing guerrilla activity. His post-war expeditions began in Borneo, and over the years he made trips to Mexico, the Celebes, Sumatra, China, India, Japan, Central America, South America, and Burma. He was the author of two other books, A Wanderer Till I Die and The Marching Wind. He passed away in 1957 at the age of 49, while on a diamond-mining expedition in Venezuela."

go to Li textiles: references and Li textiles: links and Ba-sa-dung Li textiles
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this page last updated 13 February, 2005